seperti apa yang anda ingingkan
Senin, 29 Oktober 2012
Senin, 25 Juni 2012
artikel peretandingan bola basket
Kota legok hangser akan menjadi tuan
rumah bagi Kejuaran Bola Basket Putra usia 21 tahun pada 2-9 september tahun lalu. Kejuaraan ini akan diikuti oleh 12 kelurahan yang
dibagi dalam dua divisi, masing-masing terdiri atas enam kelurahan..Ketua
Panitia Pertandingan jarwo kuatt di legok hangserr, Selasa (9/9),
mengatakan, terpilihnya legok hangserr telah mendapat persetujuan dari Federasi
Bola Basket Internasional (FIBA) planet. "Persiapan berjalan lancar,
seluruh peserta sudah memastikan kedatangan mereka. Semua fasilitas
termasuk lokasi pertandingan sudah mendapat persetujuan dari FIBA planet,"
ujar jarwo, yang juga Ketua Pengurus kecamatan Persatuan Bola Basket
Indonesia (Perbasi) auskalia.Minggu, 24 Juni 2012
Peraga: NAMA : GUMILAR HOERIJALNIM :21241...
Peraga: NAMA : GUMILAR HOERIJALNIM :21241...: NAMA : GUMILAR HOERIJAL NIM :2124110180 ALAMAT : DUSUB BADAK JALU DESA CIULU KEC BANJARSAR...
Geger Pacinan (juga dikenal sebagai Tragedi Angke; dalam bahasa Belanda: Chinezenmoord, yang berarti "Pembunuhan orang Tionghoa") merupakan sebuah pogrom terhadap orang keturunan Tionghoa di kota pelabuhan Batavia, Hindia-Belanda (sekarang Jakarta). Kekerasan dalam batas kota berlangsung dari 9 Oktober 1740 hingga 22 Oktober; berbagai pertempuran kecil terjadi hingga akhir November tahun yang sama.
Keresahan dalam masyarakat Tionghoa dipicu oleh represi pemerintah dan berkurangnya pendapatan akibat jatuhnya harga gula yang terjadi menjelang pembantaian ini. Untuk menanggapi keresahan tersebut, pada sebuah pertemuan Dewan Hindia (Raad van Indië), badan pemimpin Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC), Guberner-Jenderal Adriaan Valckenier menyatakan bahwa kerusuhan apapun dapat ditanggapi dengan kekerasan mematikan. Pernyataan Valckenier tersebut diberlakukan pada tanggal 7 Oktober 1740 setelah ratusan orang keturunan Tionghoa, banyak di antaranya buruh di pabrik gula, membunuh 50 pasukan Belanda. Penguasa Belanda mengirim pasukan tambahan, yang mengambil semua senjata dari warga Tionghoa dan memberlakukan jam malam. Dua hari kemudian, setelah ditakutkan desas-desus tentang kekejaman etnis Tionghoa, kelompok etnis lain di Batavia mulai membakar rumah orang Tionghoa di sepanjang Kali Besar. Sementara itu, pasukan Belanda menyerang rumah orang Tionghoa dengan meriam. Kekerasan ini dengan cepat menyebar di seluruh kota Batavia sehingga lebih banyak orang Tionghoa dibunuh. Meski Valckenier mengumumkan bahwa ada pengampunan untuk orang Tionghoa pada tanggal 11 Oktober, kelompok pasukan tetap terus memburu dan membunuh orang Tionghoa hingga tanggal 22 Oktober, saat Valckenier dengan tegas menyatakan bahwa pembunuhan harus dihentikan. Di luar batas kota, pasukan Belanda terus bertempur dengan buruh pabrik gula yang berbuat rusuh. Setelah beberapa minggu penuh pertempuran kecil, pasukan Belanda menyerang markas Tionghoa di berbagai pabrik gula. Orang Tionghoa yang selamat mengungsi ke Bekasi.
Diperkirakan bahwa lebih dari 10.000 orang keturunan Tionghoa dibantai. Jumlah orang yang selamat tidak pasti; ada dugaan dari 600 sampai 3.000 yang selamat. Pada tahun berikutnya, terjadi berbagai pembantaian di seluruh pulau Jawa. Hal ini memicu suatu perang selama dua tahun, dengan tentara gabungan Tionghoa dan Jawa melawan pasukan Belanda. Setelah itu, Valckenier dipanggil kembali ke Belanda dan dituntut atas keterlibatannya dalam pembantaian ini; Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff menggantikannya sebagai gubernur jenderal. Hingga zaman modern, pembantaian ini kerap ditemukan dalam sastra Belanda. Pembantaian ini mungkin juga menjadi asal nama beberapa daerah di Jakarta.
Keresahan dalam masyarakat Tionghoa dipicu oleh represi pemerintah dan berkurangnya pendapatan akibat jatuhnya harga gula yang terjadi menjelang pembantaian ini. Untuk menanggapi keresahan tersebut, pada sebuah pertemuan Dewan Hindia (Raad van Indië), badan pemimpin Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC), Guberner-Jenderal Adriaan Valckenier menyatakan bahwa kerusuhan apapun dapat ditanggapi dengan kekerasan mematikan. Pernyataan Valckenier tersebut diberlakukan pada tanggal 7 Oktober 1740 setelah ratusan orang keturunan Tionghoa, banyak di antaranya buruh di pabrik gula, membunuh 50 pasukan Belanda. Penguasa Belanda mengirim pasukan tambahan, yang mengambil semua senjata dari warga Tionghoa dan memberlakukan jam malam. Dua hari kemudian, setelah ditakutkan desas-desus tentang kekejaman etnis Tionghoa, kelompok etnis lain di Batavia mulai membakar rumah orang Tionghoa di sepanjang Kali Besar. Sementara itu, pasukan Belanda menyerang rumah orang Tionghoa dengan meriam. Kekerasan ini dengan cepat menyebar di seluruh kota Batavia sehingga lebih banyak orang Tionghoa dibunuh. Meski Valckenier mengumumkan bahwa ada pengampunan untuk orang Tionghoa pada tanggal 11 Oktober, kelompok pasukan tetap terus memburu dan membunuh orang Tionghoa hingga tanggal 22 Oktober, saat Valckenier dengan tegas menyatakan bahwa pembunuhan harus dihentikan. Di luar batas kota, pasukan Belanda terus bertempur dengan buruh pabrik gula yang berbuat rusuh. Setelah beberapa minggu penuh pertempuran kecil, pasukan Belanda menyerang markas Tionghoa di berbagai pabrik gula. Orang Tionghoa yang selamat mengungsi ke Bekasi.
Diperkirakan bahwa lebih dari 10.000 orang keturunan Tionghoa dibantai. Jumlah orang yang selamat tidak pasti; ada dugaan dari 600 sampai 3.000 yang selamat. Pada tahun berikutnya, terjadi berbagai pembantaian di seluruh pulau Jawa. Hal ini memicu suatu perang selama dua tahun, dengan tentara gabungan Tionghoa dan Jawa melawan pasukan Belanda. Setelah itu, Valckenier dipanggil kembali ke Belanda dan dituntut atas keterlibatannya dalam pembantaian ini; Gustaaf Willem van Imhoff menggantikannya sebagai gubernur jenderal. Hingga zaman modern, pembantaian ini kerap ditemukan dalam sastra Belanda. Pembantaian ini mungkin juga menjadi asal nama beberapa daerah di Jakarta.
Sabtu, 09 Juni 2012
futsal
Futsal
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Futsal at the 2007 Pan American Games |
|
| Highest governing body | FIFA |
|---|---|
| First played | 1930, Uruguay |
| Characteristics | |
| Contact | Yes |
| Team members | Five per side |
| Categorization | Indoor |
| Equipment | Futsal ball |
| Venue | Futsal pitch |
| Olympic | No |
| Paralympic | No |
Futsal is played between two teams each with five players, one of whom is the goalkeeper. Unlimited substitutions are permitted. Unlike some other forms of indoor football, the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines; walls or boards are not used. Futsal is also played with a smaller ball with less bounce than a regular football.[1] The surface, ball and rules create an emphasis on improvisation, creativity and technique as well as ball control and passing in small spaces.[2]
Contents |
Rules
As international governing bodies of futsal, FIFA and AMF are responsible for maintaining and promulgating the official rules of their respective versions of futsal. Like association football, futsal has laws that define all aspects of the game, including what may be changed to suit local competitions and leagues. There are seventeen laws in the Futsal Laws of the Game.[3]Players, equipment and officials
The Brazil national futsal team line up before a match.
The kit is made up of a jersey or shirt with sleeves, shorts, socks, shinguards made out of rubber or plastic, and shoes with rubber soles. The goalkeeper is allowed to wear long trousers and a different coloured kit, to distinguish himself from the other players in the team and the referee. He is also allowed to wear elbow pads because the surface is about as hard as a tennis court or basketball court. Jewellery is not allowed, nor are other items that could be dangerous to the player wearing the item or to other active participants.[6]
The match is controlled by the referee, who enforces the Laws of the Game, and the first referee is the only one who can legally abandon the match because of interference from outside the pitch. This referee is also assisted by a second referee. The decisions made by the referees are final and can only be changed if the referees think it is necessary and play has not restarted.[7] There is also a third referee and a timekeeper, who are provided with equipment to keep a record of fouls in the match. In the event of injury to the referee or second referee, the third referee will replace the second referee.[8]
The pitch
The pitch is made up of wood or artificial material, or similar surface, although any flat, smooth and non-abrasive material may be used. The length of the pitch is in the range of 38–42 m (42-46 yd), and the width is in the range of 20–25 m (22-27 yd) in international matches. For other matches, it can be 25–42 m (27-46 yd) in length, while the width can be 16–25 m (17-27 yd), as long as the length of the longer boundary lines (touchlines) are greater than the shorter boundaries where the goals are placed (goal lines).[9] The ceiling must be at least 4 m (4 yd) high.[10] A rectangular goal is positioned at the middle of each goal line. The inner edges of the vertical goal posts must be 3 m (3 yd) apart, and the lower edge of the horizontal crossbar supported by the goal posts must be 2 m (2.2 yd) above the ground. Nets made of hemp, jute or nylon are attached to the back of the goalposts and crossbar. The lower part of the nets is attached to curved tubing or another suitable means of support. The depth of the goal is 80 cm at the top and 1 m at the bottom.[11]
A futsal arena in Tokyo
Any standard team handball pitch can be used for futsal, including goals and floor markings.
Duration and tie-breaking methods
A standard match consists of two equal periods of 20 minutes. The length of either half is extended to allow penalty kicks to be taken or a direct free kick to be taken against a team that has committed more than five fouls. The interval between the two halves cannot exceed 15 minutes.[15]In some competitions, the game cannot end in a draw, so away goals, extra time and penalties are the three methods for determining the winner after a match has been drawn. Away goals mean that if the team's score is level after playing one home and one away game, the goals scored in the away match count as double. Extra time consists of two periods of five minutes. If no winner is produced after these methods, five penalties are taken, and the team that has scored the most wins. If it is not decided after five penalties, it continues to go on with one extra penalty to each team at a time until one of them has scored more goals than the other. Unlike extra time, the goals scored in a penalty shoot-out do not count towards the goals scored throughout the match.[16]
The start and restart of play
At the beginning of the match, a coin toss is used to decide who will start the match. A kick-off is used to signal the start of play and is also used at the start of the second half and any periods of extra time. It is also used after a goal has been scored, with the other team starting the play.[17] After a temporary stoppage for any reason not mentioned in the Laws of the Game, the referee will drop the ball where the play was stopped, provided that, prior to the stoppage, the ball was in play and had not crossed either the touch lines or goal lines.[18]If the ball goes over the goal line or touchline, hits the ceiling, or the play is stopped by the referee, the ball is out of play. If it hits the ceiling of an indoor arena, play is restarted with a kick-in to the opponents of the team that last touched the ball, under the place where it hit the ceiling.[10]
Misconduct
A direct free kick can be awarded to the opposing team if a player succeeds or attempts to kick or trip an opponent, jumps, charges or pushes an opponent, or strikes or attempts to strike an opponent. Holding, touching or spitting at an opponent are offenses that are worthy of a direct free kick, as are sliding in to play the ball while an opponent is playing it or carrying, striking or throwing the ball (except the goalkeeper). These are all accumulated fouls. The direct free kick is taken where the infringement occurred, unless it is awarded to the defending team in their penalty area, in which case the free kick may be taken from anywhere inside the penalty area.[19] A penalty kick is awarded if a player commits one of the fouls that are worthy of a direct free kick inside his own penalty area. The position of the ball does not matter as long as it is in play.[20]An indirect free kick is awarded to the opposing team if a goalkeeper clears the ball but then touches it with his hands before anyone else, if he controls the ball with his hands when it has been kicked to him by a teammate, or if he touches or controls the ball with his hands or feet in his own half for more than four seconds.[20] An indirect free kick is also awarded to the opposing team if a player plays in a dangerous manner, deliberately obstructs an opponent, prevents the goalkeeper from throwing the ball with his hands or anything else for which play is stopped to caution or dismiss a player. The indirect free kick is taken from the place where the infringement occurred.[20]
Yellow and red cards are both used in futsal. The yellow card is to caution players over their actions, and, if they get two, they are given a red card, which means they are sent off the field. A yellow card is shown if a player shows unsporting behaviour, dissent, persistent infringement of the Laws of the Game, delaying the restart of play, failing to respect the distance of the player from the ball when play is being restarted, infringement of substitution procedure or entering, re-entering and leaving the pitch without the referee's permission.[21] A player is shown the red card and sent off if they engage in serious foul play, violent conduct, spitting at another person, or denying the opposing team a goal by handling the ball (except the goalkeeper inside his penalty area). Also punishable with a red card is denying an opponent moving towards the player's goal a goalscoring opportunity by committing an offence punishable by a free kick or a penalty kick and using offensive, insulting or abusive language or gestures.[21] A player who has been sent off must leave the vicinity of the pitch. A substitute player is permitted to come on two minutes after a teammate has been sent off, unless a goal is scored before the end of the two minutes. If a team with more players scores against a team with fewer players, another player can be added to the team with an inferior number of players. If the teams are equal when the goal is scored or if the team with fewer players scores, both teams remain with the same number of players.[22]
Ranking
Men's ranking
As of June 4, 2012, the top 25 teams according to the ELO-based rankings are:[23]| # | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2004 | |
| 2 | 1930 | |
| 3 | 1762 | |
| 4 | 1696 | |
| 5 | 1644 | |
| 6 | 1551 | |
| 7 | 1550 | |
| 8 | 1478 | |
| 9 | 1433 | |
| 10 | 1424 | |
| 11 | 1409 | |
| 12 | 1383 | |
| 13 | 1364 | |
| 14 | 1359 | |
| 15 | 1323 | |
| 16 | 1310 | |
| 17 | 1302 | |
| 18 | 1279 | |
| 19 | 1270 | |
| 20 | 1268 | |
| 21 | 1266 | |
| 22 | 1257 | |
| 23 | 1255 | |
| 24 | 1232 | |
| 25 | 1230 |
As of May 7, 2012, the top 25 teams according to a ranking based partly on the ELO system and partly on a form-based system are:[24]
| # | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2401 | |
| 2 | 2395 | |
| 3 | 2288 | |
| 4 | 2277 | |
| 5 | 2250 | |
| 6 | 2239 | |
| 7 | 2197 | |
| 8 | 2197 | |
| 9 | 2176 | |
| 10 | 2174 | |
| 11 | 2157 | |
| 12 | 2126 | |
| 13 | 2108 | |
| 14 | 2107 | |
| 15 | 2102 | |
| 16 | 2097 | |
| 17 | 2089 | |
| 18 | 2075 | |
| 19 | 2048 | |
| 20 | 2046 | |
| 21 | 2039 | |
| 22 | 2033 | |
| 23 | 2031 | |
| 24 | 2021 | |
| 25 | 2009 |
Women's ranking
As of May 7, 2012, according to a ranking based partly on the ELO system and partly on a form-based system, the top 10 teams are:[25]| # | Team | Points |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2326 | |
| 2 | 2248 | |
| 3 | 2172 | |
| 4 | 2019 | |
| 5 | 2014 | |
| 6 | 1963 | |
| 7 | 1934 | |
| 8 | 1911 | |
| 9 | 1888 | |
| 10 | 1876 |
FIFA Competitions
Men's national teams
International
Continental (major)
Continental (minor)
Africa
Asia
South America
Clubs
- Futsal Intercontinental Clubs Cup
- UEFA Futsal Cup
- South American Club Futsal Championship
- AFC Futsal Club Championship
Women's national teams
International
| Competition | Year | Host | Winner |
Runner-Up |
3rd |
4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women's Futsal World Tournament | 2010 | Spain | ||||
| 2011 | Brazil | |||||
Continental
| Continental | Year | Host | Winner |
Runner-Up |
3rd |
4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South American | 2005 | Brazil | ||||
| 2007 | Ecuador | |||||
| 2009 | Brazil | |||||
| 2011 | Venezuela |
FIFUSA/AMF Competitions
Men's national teams
International
| Competition | Year | City | Country | Winner |
Runner-Up |
3rd |
4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIFUSA World Futsal Championships | 1982 | São Paulo | Brazil | ||||
| 1985 | Madrid | Spain | |||||
| 1988 | Melbourne | Australia | |||||
| 1991 | Italy | ||||||
| 1994 | Argentina | ||||||
| 1997 | Mexico | ||||||
| 2000 | Bolivia | ||||||
| AMF World Futsal Championships | 2003 | Asunción | Paraguay | ||||
| 2007 | Mendoza | Argentina | |||||
| 2011 | Bogotá | Colombia |
Continental (major)
Women's national teams
International
| Competition | Year | Host | Winner |
Runner-Up |
3rd |
4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMF World Futsal Championships | 2008 | Catalonia |
Continental
| Continental | Year | Host | Winner |
Runner-Up |
3rd |
4th |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Europe (UEFS) | 2001 | Russia | ||||
| 2004 | Russia | |||||
| 2007 | Czech Republic | |||||
| 2009 | Poland | - |
Continental (minor)
Clubs
- Futsal 5 A-Side Australia (FFAA) Interstate Club Championship
- Futsal Goalie Tips and Info[26][27]
- AMF Club World Cup[28][29]
- UEFS European Champions Cup[29][30]
- UEFS Cup[29][31]
- UEFS Veteran European Champions Cup[29][32]
- UEFS Women's European Champions Cup[29][33]
- UEFS Women's Cup[29][34]
See also
- Futsal in Australia
- Futsal in Brazil
- Futsal in Iran
- Futsal in Libya
- Futsal in Norway
- Futsal in Portugal
- Futsal in Spain
- Futsal in Sweden
- Futsal in the United Kingdom (England • Northern Ireland • Scotland • Wales)
References
- ^ "Comparison between FUTSAL and SOCCER". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-03-02.
- ^ "How will English football develop?". BBC News. 2007-12-17. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game". FIFA. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 3)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 3)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-14. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 4)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 5)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 7)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 1)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ a b "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 10)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 1)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2007-11-15. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 1)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-14. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 15)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 14)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-13. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 8)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Extra time and penalties)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-15. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 9)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 9)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-13. Retrieved 2008-01-23.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 12)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2008-01-24.
- ^ a b c "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 12)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2008-01-13. Retrieved 2008-01-25.
- ^ a b "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 12)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
- ^ "Futsal Laws of the game (Law 12)". FIFA. Archived from the original on 2007-11-14. Retrieved 2008-01-26.
- ^ http://www.futsalworldranking.be
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedroonba.com.2Ffutsal.2Fmen.2Franking.html; see the help page. - ^ http://www.roonba.com/futsal/women/ranking.html
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedKiperFutsalPost; see the help page. - ^ "Futsal Goalie Tips and Info" (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Club World Championships AMF MALE". Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f "UEFS History". Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "UEFS Champions League MALE". Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "UEFS Cup MALE". Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Cup of European Veterans MALE". Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "UEFS Champions League FEMENINO" (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Copa UEFS FEMENINO" (in Spanish). Retrieved 18 July 2010.
External links
- Futsal Tactics
- CATSALA: Tot el Futbol Sala Català
- Modalidades
- FA Sponsored Indoor Futsal Arenas
- Futsal World Ranking
- The Roon Ba Futsal World Rankings (Men)
- The Roon Ba Futsal World Rankings (Women)
- Futsal in Australia and New Zealand
- Futsal in Sydney, Australia
- Futsal in Canada
- Futsal in Northern Ireland
- US Youth and Adult Futsal
- Futsal League in Florida, USA FIFA Rules.
- How Futsal differs from UK-style five-a-sides
- Futsal Leagues in Essex
- Futsal in Sweden
- Futsal in Poland
- Futsal in Bristol,UK
- Indonesian Importir Futsal Grass,ID
- Futsal in Ukraine
- Mersey Futsal
- Futsal Video Page
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